Romanian Fuel Glossary
40+ technical, fiscal and operational terms from the Romanian fuel market, briefly explained without jargon. For journalists, students, professional drivers, or anyone needing a quick reference. Citable through schema.org DefinedTerm for AI assistants.
Fuels and standards
- Octane number
- Indicator of petrol's resistance to auto-ignition. Standard Romanian petrol is RON 95 or RON 98 Premium. Higher = more stable in high-compression engines.
- RON 95
- Standard petrol with 95 octane rating. Most common fuel in Romania, compatible with most modern cars.
- RON 98 Premium
- Premium petrol at 98 octane, sold under brand names: OMV MaxxMotion, Petrom Top Premium, Rompetrol Efix, MOL Evo Plus, Lukoil ECTO. Recommended for high-compression turbo engines.
- Standard diesel
- EN 590 diesel sold at the pump. Contains 7% biodiesel (B7) in winter, up to 10% (B10) in summer per EU standard.
- Premium diesel
- Diesel with cleaning additives and higher cetane (51+). Brand: OMV MaxxMotion Diesel, Petrom Top Premium, Rompetrol Efix Diesel, MOL Evo Plus Diesel.
- Cetane number
- Indicator of diesel auto-ignition. EN 590 standard requires minimum 51. Premium diesel reaches 53–55 — easier cold starts and more efficient combustion.
- Auto LPG
- Liquefied Petroleum Gas — propane/butane mix used as petrol alternative in cars with dedicated installation. Price 40–50% lower than petrol, ~15% higher consumption.
- AdBlue (DEF)
- 32.5% urea solution injected in Euro 6 diesel SCR systems to reduce NOx emissions. Typical use: 1 L AdBlue per 1,000 km. Sold at pumps (5–10 L canisters) or in bulk.
- CNG
- Compressed Natural Gas at 200 bar, used in dual-fuel cars and buses. Limited Romanian coverage — a few dozen stations on Petrom and OMV networks.
- Kerosene (Jet A-1)
- Aviation fuel for jet engines and turboprops. Not sold at public pumps; separate network at airports. Distinct from household kerosene.
- Biodiesel (B7, B10)
- Diesel blend with fatty-acid methyl ester (FAME) from rapeseed, soy or used cooking oil. B7 = max 7% (winter), B10 = max 10% (summer). All Romanian pump diesel is B7/B10.
- Ethanol (E5, E10)
- Bioethanol blended into petrol: E5 = max 5% ethanol, E10 = max 10%. EU 2026 mandate: mandatory transition to E10 on the Romanian network.
- Low-sulfur
- Sulfur content below 10 ppm under EU EN 228 (petrol) and EN 590 (diesel). All EU fuels since 2009 are low-sulfur — required for DPFs and modern catalysts.
Fiscal and pricing
- Excise duty
- Special consumption tax on fuel, collected at refinery/import before VAT. Romanian rates 2026: unleaded petrol 2.030 RON/L; diesel 1.855 RON/L; auto LPG 0.615 RON/L. Set by the Tax Code.
- Fuel VAT
- Standard 19% VAT applied on the final fuel price (refinery + excise + commercial markup). VAT-registered companies can deduct 50% VAT on diesel for mixed-use cars.
- Commercial markup
- Gross margin added by distributor and station above refinery + excise + VAT. Average 0.80–1.20 RON/L. Capped by OUG 19/2026 between 1 April – 30 June 2026.
- OUG 19/2026
- Romanian Emergency Ordinance No. 19/2026 (Official Gazette 237 of 26 March 2026) caps petrol and diesel commercial markup at 2025 average levels during 1 April – 30 June 2026. Visible effect: nationwide brand-uniform prices.
- Brent
- European reference index for crude oil, in USD/barrel. All Romanian fuel prices follow Brent with ~10–14 day lag. 1 barrel = 159 litres.
- RBOB
- Reformulated Blendstock for Oxygenate Blending — petrol futures contract on NYMEX. Used as proxy for pump-price forecasting alongside Brent and Platts.
- Platts
- S&P Global Platts price assessment agency. Platts Rotterdam ARA petrol/diesel quotes are the European refinery-price benchmark.
- Mileage allowance
- Per-kilometre payment for employees using personal cars on business. Romania 2026 statutory cap: 0.30 RON/km, tax-free up to 7.5 L/100 km normalized consumption.
- Acquisition cost (COSA)
- For companies: fuel price net of VAT (or with 50% VAT deducted on mixed-use diesel) enters acquisition cost — total fiscally recognized cost for corporate-tax deductibility.
Institutions and authorities
- ANPC
- Romanian National Authority for Consumer Protection. Operates the Price Monitor jointly with the Competition Council — the official channel for public fuel price reporting.
- Price Monitor (Monitorul Prețurilor)
- Official Romanian platform run by the Competition Council and ANPC where networks are legally required to report any price change within 15 minutes. Covers 343 administrative units.
- UAT
- Administrative-Territorial Unit. Romania has 41 counties + Bucharest + 320 cities + ~2,800 communes — all UATs. The Price Monitor uses UATs as reporting unit.
- Competition Council
- Romanian autonomous authority overseeing economic competition. Operates the Price Monitor and investigates anticompetitive practices (vertical agreements, abuse of dominance) among fuel networks.
- Primary refining
- Atmospheric distillation of crude oil into fractions (petrol, kerosene, diesel, fuel oil). Romanian primary refineries: Petromidia (Năvodari, OMV Petrom Group) and Petrobrazi (Brazi).
Technical and engine
- DPF
- Diesel Particulate Filter for Euro 5/6 diesel engines. Must be regenerated periodically (sustained 60+ km/h with hot engine) or forced at service.
- SCR
- Selective Catalytic Reduction — NOx reduction system using AdBlue injection. Mandatory on Euro 6 diesels since 2014. SCR failure can put the car in limp mode.
- EGR
- Exhaust Gas Recirculation — NOx reduction by recirculating part of the exhaust. Present on all modern diesel engines. Frequent failure source (EGR valve coking).
- WLTP combined consumption
- Manufacturer-declared fuel consumption for the WLTP test cycle (Worldwide Harmonised Light Vehicles Test Procedure), valid since 2018. Closer to real-world than older NEDC.
Market and operators
- Fuel card
- Card issued by a fuel network or independent issuer (UTA, DKV, Routex), used by companies for centralized billing of fueling, with negotiated rates. See 2026 comparison.
- Tank-cargo
- Bulk fuel delivery by tanker truck directly to the company site or construction site. Price includes excise and VAT but excludes the station markup. Used by large-fleet companies.
- Blender
- A station operator that doesn't refine but blends product from different refineries under its own brand. Many independent Romanian stations are blenders — quality varies more than at vertically-integrated networks.
- Site rank
- Classification of a station by accessibility: large city > medium city > commune > national road > motorway. Influences price: motorway stations are on average 0.30–0.50 RON/L more expensive than urban stations.
- Strategic reserves
- Mandatory fuel reserves the Romanian state holds for 90 days of consumption per EU Directive 2009/119/EC. Managed by ANRSPS.
- Corporate fleet
- In B2B, all the cars used by a company for business. Fleets >50 vehicles get negotiated refinery prices (tank-cargo) or partner card rates — on average 8–15% below pump price.
- Vignette (rovinietă)
- Mandatory Romanian road-use charge for national roads and motorways, managed by CNAIR via the CSNR system. Passenger-car rates: 3.5 EUR/day to 28 EUR/year (2026). See driver utilities.
- Bridge toll
- One-time charge for crossing certain bridges (Cernavodă-Fetești, Giurgiu-Ruse). Distinct from the vignette. Now frequently paid online or at partner stations.
Glossary updated on 2026-05-11. Missing a term? Send a suggestion to contact@pretcarburant.ro and we'll add it.